XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language) is a standardised electronic reporting format used for filing financial information with the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA). It enables financial information to be presented in a structured and machine-readable format, facilitating its analysis and comparison. For companies covered by the applicable provisions, financial statements and...

GST e-invoicing is mandatory in October 2026 for every GST-registered business whose aggregate annual turnover (AATO) has exceeded ₹5 crore in any financial year since FY 2017-18. These businesses must report B2B invoices, credit notes, debit notes and export invoices to the Invoice Registration Portal (IRP) to obtain an Invoice Reference Number (IRN) and a signed QR code. Businesses with an...

Raising funding is exciting. But many founders focus so much on “How much money are we raising?” that they overlook a more important question: “What exactly are we giving away in return?” Planning to Raise Funds for Your Startup? Before accepting an investment, understand how equity allocation, valuation and investor rights can affect your business. Chhota CFO...

When companies think about corporate approvals under the Companies Act, 2013, the first authority that usually comes to mind is the Registrar of Companies (ROC) or the National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT). However, there is another important authority that plays a significant role in corporate law administration — the Regional Director (RD) of the Ministry of...

Key Takeaways (30-second read) •     About 1 in 5 PF claims gets rejected. The rate was 22% in FY 2024-25, down from 29% in FY 2021-22. •     Most rejections come from five data errors: name, date of birth, bank account, duplicate UAN and missing exit date. •     Claims up to ₹5 lakh are auto-settled, often in 3...

Businesses need to understand the new PF wage ceiling, contribution changes and payroll compliance requirements. Chhota CFO helps businesses manage payroll compliance and related financial requirements. Key Takeaways (30-second read) •     The EPF wage ceiling is ₹25,000 per month from 17 September 2026, up from ₹15,000 (S.O. 5109(E)). •    ...

Missed a FEMA reporting deadline? Don’t immediately assume that you need compounding. The first step is to identify whether the issue is a specified reporting delay, a substantive FEMA contravention, or both. For businesses looking to understand financing options and make informed financial decisions, Chhota CFO provides professional accounting, taxation and financial advisory support....

Corporate Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2026 proposes greater flexibility for companies to align their financial year with overseas parent companies or commercial requirements — but this flexibility does not mean that companies can move away from India’s tax reporting framework. For multinational groups, joint ventures and Indian subsidiaries of overseas companies, differences between the...

The concept of Significant Beneficial Ownership (“SBO”) under Section 90 of the Companies Act, 2013, read with the Companies (Significant Beneficial Owners) Rules, 2018 (“SBO Rules”), is intended to identify the individual who ultimately holds significant rights, entitlements, influence or control in a company, even where the shares are held through one or more...

Corporate restructuring is increasingly being used by companies to simplify group structures, consolidate businesses, rationalise subsidiaries and align ownership with long-term business objectives. For certain categories of companies, the Fast Track Merger under Section 233 of the Companies Act, 2013 provides a statutory route that is distinct from the conventional merger process...